Categories
Riots; ring wing idiots; Rotherham
Categories
Police watch: Liverpool
Dr Kavya’s photos:
Research after the class:
Tibia and Fibula Memory Trick
If you get these two bones mixed up, here’s a quick memory trick: remember the phrase “never tell a little fib.” The fibula is the smaller of the two bones, so “little fib” will help you remember that it is the small one. Also, little starts with the letter “l,” which can help you remember that this bone is always on the lateral side.
Interosseous Membrane
First, you’ll notice this web-like structure called the interosseous membrane (or middle tibiofibular ligament). The prefix “inter” means between, and osseous refers to the bones. So this is literally the membrane between the bones. (Note, the radius and ulna bones also have this membrane.)
This membrane keeps the tibia and fibula together and provides strength and stability for them. It also separates muscles on the anterior and posterior parts of the leg.
Tibia Bone Anatomy
Now let’s look at the tibia bone, which is the larger of the two leg bones, located medially. When you feel your shinbone, this is what you’re feeling. In fact, this bone gets its name from a Latin word that literally means “shinbone.”
The tibia’s larger size allows it to transfer weight from the femur to the foot.
- Medial and lateral condyles – The proximal end (or top) of the tibia widens out from the shaft and forms a medial and lateral condyle. A condyle is a rounded projection on a bone that is going to articulate (or form a joint) with something. Medial is a directional term that tells us it is toward the midline of the body, and lateral means away from the body’s midline.
- Articular surface of medial and lateral condyles – The top of these condyles have a concave surface, which you can see on the posterior view of the tibia. These are called the articular surface of the medial and lateral condyles. This is going to articulate with the medial and lateral condyles of the femur (thigh) bone, forming the tibiofemoral joint.
- Intercondylar eminence – Between the articular surface of the medial and lateral condyles is an area called the intercondylar eminence. This structure includes a left and right tubercle, which resembles tiny devil horns, and fossae, to which the menisci and the cruciate ligaments attach.
- Tibial tuberosity – Between the condyles and the shaft, you’ll notice a bump on the anterior side of the tibia called the tibial tuberosity. That’s all a tuberosity is: it’s a fancy word that means bump or small rounded area. This structure allows for the attachment of the patellar ligament.
- Anterior crest – Below the tibial tuberosity we have the triangular shaft of the tibia, which contains three borders and three surfaces. You’ll notice that the anterior side of the tibial shaft forms a pointed border called the anterior crest. This area forms the hard shin area of the leg and allows for the attachment of the deep fascia.
- Fibular notch – Finally, we have the fibular notch, which is a depression that allows for the attachment of the fibula bone, forming the distal tibiofibular joint.
- Articular surface of the tibia – The distal end of the tibia will transfer weight to the foot at its articulation with the talus bone, forming the ankle joint.
- Medial malleolus – On the medial side of the tibia’s distal end, there is a rounded bony area with a projection called the medial malleolus. Malleolus comes from a Latin word that means “little hammer,” and this area articulates with the talus bone of the foot. This is the bony area you feel on the inside of your ankle. It can serve as a landmark when locating the posterior tibial pulse point.
Fibula Bone Anatomy
Unlike the tibia bone, the fibula is not a weight-bearing bone. However, it allows for the attachment of various muscles. Below are some of the important structures on the fibula bone.
- Head – Starting at the proximal (top) end of the fibula, you’ll notice the larger head on the fibula. This is going to articulate (form a joint) with the lateral condyle of the tibia bone, forming the proximal tibiofibular joint. It also provides attachment for the biceps femoris and fibularis longus, as well as various ligaments.
- Shaft – The shaft of the fibula is thin and ridged, which allows for the attachment of various muscles of the leg.
- Lateral malleolus – Finally, we have the lateral malleolus, which forms the bony part of the outer (lateral) ankle. Like the medial malleolus, this articulates (forms a joint) with the talus bone of the foot (see foot bones) and allows for the attachment of ligaments. Although the fibula bone is smaller and thinner than the tibia, the lateral malleolus of the fibula is larger than the medial malleolus of the tibia.
Extract taken from:
Categories
Coronavirus: biological weapon
x.com/stancollymore/status/1819440170275381614
https://x.com/moon_treacle/status/1819448485676302703?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/newhamindparty/status/1819453170227335277?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/iromg/status/1819473185869283582?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
Many of the protesters were not from Sunderland:
x.com/politlcsuk/status/1818738435148202243
https://x.com/uaf/status/1818735933648224703?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/stancollymore/status/1818743988842905857?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/politlcsuk/status/1818778907967209915?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/mikecmorgan/status/1818774790066651170?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
x.com/taj_ali1/status/1818725372416213005
https://x.com/antiracismday/status/1818712545387028981?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/politlcsuk/status/1818726270596710740?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/redcollectiveuk/status/1818725138373746918?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/shaykhsulaiman/status/1818729989916811725?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/channel4news/status/1818723772574097736?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/politlcsuk/status/1818715021574107354?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/politlcsuk/status/1818721947678859710?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
Jamal Hijazi
Claimant– and –
Stephen Yaxley-Lennon
— Read on www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWHC/QB/2021/2008.html
x.com/bgatesisapyscho/status/1818374814853148973
https://x.com/allyfogg/status/1818369755931451611?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/paulbranditv/status/1818361783280980040?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/jackiew80333500/status/1818374901864022350?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/shaykhsulaiman/status/1818376401784893882?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/unitynewsnet/status/1818370511858286869?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/merseypolice/status/1818376782208237572?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/shabbirlakha/status/1818376457309086175?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/cilcomlfc/status/1818373645623833020?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/miffythegamer/status/1818376912953295206?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/redflareinfo/status/1818381227126297013?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/mennewsdesk/status/1818427611757900174?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/merseypolice/status/1818660284304965913?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
An overview of the bones of the lower limb including the femur, tibia and fibula.
— Read on geekymedics.com/bones-of-the-lower-limb/
Discover the anatomy of the lower leg with a detailed diagram of the tibia and fibula labeled. This resource is perfect for nursing students.
— Read on simplenursing.com/tibia-and-fibula-anatomy-labeled-diagram/
Tibia and fibula bone anatomy with diagram picture and free quiz. Tibia and fibula mnemonic to help you learn them, as well as detailed description of the major anatomical structures on each leg bone.
— Read on www.registerednursern.com/tibia-and-fibula-anatomy/
This article covers the anatomy of the tibia (shin bone), its interaction with the fibula, muscles, menisci attachment and pathology. Learn this bone now!
— Read on www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/tibia
The COVID-19 has been shown to have negative effects on the cardiovascular system, but it is unclear how long these effects last in college students. This study aimed to assess the long-term impact of COVID-19 on arterial stiffness, endothelial function, and blood pressure in college students. We enrolled 37 college students who had been infected with COVID-19 for more than 2 months. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was used to assess endothelial function, while arterial stiffness was evaluated using the ABI Systems 100, including variables such as ankle-brachial index (ABI), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP). Our results showed that FMD was significantly impaired after COVID-19 infection (p < 0.001), while cfPWV and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Simple linear regression models revealed a significant negative correlation between post-COVID-19 measurement time and baPWV change (p < 0.01), indicating an improvement in arterial stiffness over time. However, there was a significant positive correlation between post-COVID-19 measurement time and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) change (p < 0.05), suggesting an increase in BP over time. There were no significant differences in ABI and HR between pre- and post-COVID-19 measurements, and no significant correlations were observed with other variables (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that COVID-19 has long-term detrimental effects on vascular function in college students. However, arterial stiffness tends to improve over time, while BP may exhibit the opposite trend.
— Read on bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-024-09646-w
Categories
Psychology; 1963 Milgram experiment
UK should stop arming Israel after ICJ advisory ruling, top lawyer says
— Read on www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jul/29/uk-israel-palestinian-territories-icj-advisory-opinion-philippe-sands-kc
Categories
Police watch: GMP; airport assault
Protests after the assaults:
https://x.com/bgatesisapyscho/status/1816243793743458602?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/jamantoniotv/status/1816530239633158181?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/imogenc_s/status/1816538136245346489?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
Workers Party:
https://x.com/workerspartygb/status/1816240780681568741?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
GMP statements:
https://x.com/mabonline1/status/1816138831634083892?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/gmpolice/status/1816195729527898134?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/gmpolice/status/1816389399812210854?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
The start of the incident:
https://x.com/mennewsdesk/status/1817237421689319839?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
The main assault:
https://x.com/rizwanakarim1/status/1816202022305054781?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
Pepper spray assault:
https://x.com/bushra1shaikh/status/1816208357860204645?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/skwawkbox/status/1816169671525011957?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
Police trying to get phone containing video of assault:
https://x.com/mikecmorgan/status/1816226227776282780?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
Summary:
https://x.com/implausibleblog/status/1816146344538693964?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
x.com/saulstaniforth/status/1814293693349659006
https://x.com/cij_icj/status/1814312080503197842?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/frances_coppola/status/1814300006641213703?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/palestine_un/status/1814304307463831728?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/palestine_un/status/1814296766982103375?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/qudsnen/status/1814356305500614979?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/bricsinfo/status/1814319359193383056?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/qudsnen/status/1814307916620415101?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/palestine_un/status/1814327931792998617?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/hrw/status/1814357615172039117?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
Five activists have received prison sentences of between four and five years over the disruption.
— Read on www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c880xjx54mpo
POLICE Scotland has been accused of a “violent and disproportionate” response to a protest outside a Scottish arms factory which allegedly saw…
— Read on www.thenational.scot/news/24461701.violent-police-scotland-response-palestine-protest-condemned/
Two dead after being infected with fungi ‘never-before-seen in humans’ that is resistant to drugs
— Read on www.thesun.co.uk/health/29286791/two-dead-never-seen-before-fungi-resistant-drugs/
x.com/kloppfc24/status/1814052214945558687
https://x.com/kahlissee/status/1814061549730124043?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/graywolf96_/status/1814038314686595301?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/garethrichmond5/status/1814009360554840199?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/podcastclipsmd/status/1814067899679510913?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/zackpolanski/status/1814075905347629056?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/kahlissee/status/1814060132080164878?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/mankippax/status/1814084503054557467?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/shaykhsulaiman/status/1814064818287980800?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/politlcsuk/status/1814068645846282500?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/respectisvital/status/1814080280279253469?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/prime_mensah/status/1814078837224882567?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/shaykhsulaiman/status/1814057835719958580?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
https://x.com/bgatesisapyscho/status/1814179448977018971?s=46&t=XgBsxv5LyxWhmBuQ2wK5bA
Judge defies high court ruling by ordering arrest of 11 people for holding ‘whole truth’ signs – Defend Our Juries
— Read on defendourjuries.org/press-releases/judge-defies-high-court-ruling-by-ordering-arrest-of-11-people/
Categories
Kings speech July 2024
Lloyds Bank sued for discrimination by employees disciplined over pro-Palestine views
— Read on www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/lloyds-palestine-israel-gaza-sued-b2579919.html
Protesters Were ‘Reasonable’ to Call Iain Duncan Smith ‘Tory Scum’, Court Rules
— Read on novaramedia.com/2023/11/22/protesters-were-reasonable-to-call-iain-duncan-smith-tory-scum-court-rules/
Categories
USA; Trump shot in ear
European Court of Human Rights dismisses, in split decision, legal challenge brought by two wrongfully convicted men.
— Read on www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/strasbourg-ruling-prompts-calls-for-fairer-miscarriage-of-justice-compensation/5119987.article
Couple’s compensation claim for €250 (around £220) over cancelled flight reaches the Supreme Court – which dismisses the airline’s appeal.
— Read on www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/pilot-illness-not-extraordinary-circumstance-for-refusing-cancelled-flight-compensation/5120281.article
A fibula fracture refers to a break in the bone that stabilizes and supports your ankle and lower leg muscle. Learn how long recovery takes and what to do.
— Read on www.healthline.com/health/fibular-fractures
A break in the shinbone just below the knee is called a proximal tibia fracture. The proximal tibia is the upper portion of the bone where it widens to help form the knee joint. Many of these fractures require surgery to restore strength, motion, and stability to the leg.
— Read on orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/fractures-of-the-proximal-tibia-shinbone/
Tibial Shaft Fractures – Trauma – Orthobullets
— Read on www.orthobullets.com/trauma/1045/tibial-shaft-fractures
Find out more about tendonitis, where a tendon becomes swollen. It can cause joint pain and stiffness.
— Read on www.nhs.uk/conditions/tendonitis/
NHS information about meniscus tears (knee cartilage damage), including symptoms, how to ease symptoms yourself and when to get medical help.
— Read on www.nhs.uk/conditions/meniscus-tear/
NHS information about bursitis, including symptoms, when to get help, treatments and prevention.
— Read on www.nhs.uk/conditions/bursitis/
Find out about osteoporosis, a health condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more likely to break. There is also information on osteopenia, the stage of bone loss before osteoporosis, and how to stop it becoming osteoporosis.
— Read on www.nhs.uk/conditions/osteoporosis/
Exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE), a chemical found in the air, water, and soil, may increase the risk of Parkinson’s disease by 70%, according to a UCSF study. TCE is commonly used today as a degreasing solvent.
— Read on www.ucsf.edu/news/2023/05/425366/chemical-exposure-may-raise-your-risk-parkinsons
Trichloroethylene Toxicity: What Is the Biological Fate of Trichloroethylene in the Body?
— Read on www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/trichloroethylene/biological_fate.html
Quickly convert time in London, England to India Standard Time (IST) with this easy-to-use, modern time zone converter.
— Read on www.worldtimebuddy.com/united-kingdom-england-london-to-ist
Read about sciatica, which is pain caused by irritation or compression of the sciatic nerve. Find out about the symptoms, what you can do to ease the pain, and when to get medical help.
— Read on www.nhs.uk/conditions/sciatica/
Find out more about DVT (deep vein thrombosis), a blood clot in a vein, usually in the leg.
— Read on www.nhs.uk/conditions/deep-vein-thrombosis-dvt/
Read about treating rheumatoid arthritis. Treatment can help reduce inflammation in the joints, relieve pain and prevent or slow joint damage.
— Read on www.nhs.uk/conditions/rheumatoid-arthritis/treatment/
Master lower limb anatomy using this topic page. Click now to study the muscles, arteries, veins, and nerves of the lower limb at Kenhub!
— Read on www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/lower-extremity-anatomy
Categories
Starmer
Categories
Labour Party votes
The Kremlin on Friday said it was “not optimistic” about any change in difficult relations between Britain and Russia following Labour’s
— Read on insiderpaper.com/kremlin-says-not-optimistic-on-uk-russia-ties-after-labour-win/
Claim for £6.6m compensation said to be the biggest ever rejected over fundamental dishonesty.
— Read on www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/lying-injury-claimant-left-in-parlous-position-after-losing-12m/5120206.article
With evidence that infections are on the rise, we look at the so-called FLiRT variants, and assess the risks
— Read on www.theguardian.com/society/article/2024/jul/02/summer-wave-of-covid-in-england-how-worried-should-i-be
